- Name and Aliases:
Jaish-e-Mohammed (JeM), also known as Army of Mohammed, Khudamul Islam, Tehrik ul-Furqaan, and under several other aliases. - Founding Details:
- Founded: 31 January 2000, in Karachi, Pakistan
- Founder: Masood Azhar
- Operational Base: Bahawalpur, Punjab province of Pakistan – Masood Azhar’s hometown
- Key Leadership:
- Masood Azhar: Founder and chief; previously general secretary of Harkat-ul-Ansar (HuA)
- Abdul Rauf Asghar: Deputy Amir and brother of Masood Azhar
- Background of Masood Azhar:
- Entered Jammu & Kashmir in 1994 for planned attacks
- Arrested: 11 February 1994
- Released: 31 December 1999, in exchange for IC-814 hijack hostages
- Terror Designations:
- India: Outlawed on 25 October 2001 under the Prevention of Terrorism Act (POTA)
- Pakistan: Officially banned in 2002, but remains active
- United States: Designated Foreign Terrorist Organisation on 26 December 2001
- Canada: Listed as a terrorist entity on 27 November 2002
- United Nations: Listed by the ISIL (Da’esh) and Al-Qaida Sanctions Committee on 17 October 2001
- Geographic Scope:
- Active in Pakistan and Afghanistan
- Carries out attacks primarily against India
- Publicly declared war against the United States
- Major Terror Attacks:
- 1 October 2001: Suicide bombing at J&K Legislative Assembly, Srinagar – 30+ killed
- 13 December 2001: Joint attack on the Indian Parliament with Lashkar-e-Taiba (LeT)
- 2002: Orchestrated the abduction and murder of American journalist Daniel Pearl
- 2 January 2016: Attack on Pathankot Air Force Station, India
- 14 February 2019: Pulwama suicide bombing, killing 40 CRPF personnel – India’s deadliest attack in Kashmir
(Source: UNSC, US-DNI, SATP, Canada Terror List, European Foundation for South Asian Studies)